This causes the crust to crack and form faults where earthquakes occur. Divergent boundaries are found along spreading centers where the plates are moving apart. Divergent boundaries constructive are where plates are moving away from each other. As the plate stretches and thins, the underlying asthenosphere flows upward and expands like a hotair balloon, lifting the region to higher elevations.
As the plates move past each other, they sometimes get caught and pressure builds up. As plates move, they collide, pull apart, or grind past each other producing things such as volcanoes, mountain ranges, and deep ocean trenches. New crust is created by magma rising up from the mantle and constantly filling the gap created by the diverging plates. Plates move apart at divergent plate boundaries such as the oceanic. The earths plates move in different directions plates behave differently at different plate boundaries. Earthquakes at divergent plate boundaries occur as new crust is created and other crust is pushed apart. Which tectonic plate boundary is best represented by this diagram. It features questions about convergent, divergent, and transform boundaries in addition to questions about the definition, features, and examples of the lithosphere. To help support my visual learners, i draw a quick sketch of two plates moving apart from each other.
Convergent, divergent, transform boundaries worksheet tpt. Based upon their motions with respect to one another, these plate boundaries are of three kinds. Start a class discussion by asking students what they already know about earthquakes. Overhead graphics for wrapping up the exercise pdf divergent plate boundary. In the oceans, this has produced the mid ocean ridge system, which can also be described as a global range of underwater mountains. The theory of plate tectonics all pieces of the earths lithosphere are in slow, constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle.
Describe the effects of plate tectonics found at each type of boundary. Click the left arrow once to see how the plates move. Learn earth science plate boundaries types with free interactive flashcards. Plates crash into each other along convergent plate. There are three principal types of plate boundary divergent, convergent, and transform. The type of stress is different at each type of plate boundary. Movement in narrow zones along plate boundaries causes most earthquakes. Plate boundaries the different types of plate boundaries gcse geography. One is the use of sophisticated sonar equipment,which provide im. Transform boundaries where crust is neither produced nor destroyed as the plates slide horizontally past each other.
Convergent plate boundaries are locations where lithospheric plates are moving towards one another. Oceanic plate op vs continental cp or oceanic plate how is it formed. Describes how the divergence of plates on a continent leads to continental rifting. Choose from 500 different sets of earth science plate boundaries types flashcards on quizlet. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Divergent plate boundaries or how do you make an ocean. Mid atlantic ridge closeup divergent plate boundaries. Assesses their understanding of plate tectonics and plate boundaries. In plate tectonics, a divergent boundary or divergent plate boundary also known as a constructive boundary or an extensional boundary is a linear feature that exists between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other. At converging plate boundaries rocks are squeezed compression, at diverging plate boundaries they are stretched tension or extension, and at transform boundaries they are pushed past each other shear. Apr 29, 2015 this video describes the characteristics of divergent plate boundaries including the distribution of earthquakes, the elevation of the sea floor, and the age of the rocks along the oceanic ridge. The oceans decline at the convergent plate boundaries, where the dense oceanic lithosphere sinks and is recycled back into the mantle in subduction zones. Seafloor spreading occurs at divergent plate boundaries which subsequently create midocean ridges. Seafloor spreading helps explain continental drift in the theory of plate tectonics.
Draw a birdseye view of the plate boundary before and after the plate motion. In terms of plate tectonics, divergent boundaries are areas under tension where lithospheric plates are pushed apart by magma upwelling from the mantle. Divergent plate boundaries 539 methods of study our new knowledge of the ocean floor comes from a variety of direct and indirect observations. Use the table below and the map key on the types of plate boundaries map to draw the correct symbols identifying each type of plate boundary.
Plate boundaries are found at the edge of the lithospheric plates and are of three types, convergent, divergent and conservative. Unlike convergent boundaries, divergence occurs between only oceanic or only continental plates, not one of each. Earthquakes and volcanoes are common near convergent boundaries. Continents collide creating a supercontinent cycle. The three boundaries are characterized by their distinct motions. Earthquakes at divergent plate boundaries are distributed with predictable locations and depths.
Plate boundary movements and their results foldable. Divergent boundary definition of divergent boundary by the. Compare and contrast divergent, convergent, and transform plate boundaries. Divergent plate boundary definition at, a free online dictionary with pronunciation, synonyms and translation. The constant bumping, grinding, and lateral movement along crustal boundaries can create sudden movements that result in earthquakes. A convergent boundary is where two or more tectonic plates collide with each other causing massive earth movements. The most striking result was the sharp bend in the stage pole locations of the iteration results for the nazca plate at 46myr, which. Resources for world plate boundaries word docs for world plate boundaries mapsthe map on the next page is offered in several formats for classroom use. Each of the three types of plate boundariesconvergent, divergent, and transformhas a distinctive pattern of earthquakes.
Plate tectonics summary the earth is made up of 3 main layers core, mantle, crust on the surface of the earth are tectonic plates that slowly move around the globe plates are made of crust and upper mantle lithosphere there are 2 types of plate there are 3 types of plate boundaries volcanoes and earthquakes are closely. The vast majority of divergent boundaries are found in the ocean, where they were not mapped or understood until the midtolate 20th century. The pacific plate is almost entirely surrounded by a convergent boundary. The most common situation at a convergent plate boundary is the subduction of an. Plate tectonics information and facts national geographic. The descent of one plate beneath the other and deep into the asthenosphere is the most common response to the space problem posed by convergence. Types of plate boundaries map identification directions b 1. Divergent boundaries where new crust is generated as.
What are the different types of plate tectonic boundaries. Plate tectonics it was from the continental drift theory, convection current theory and the theory of seafloor spreading, the theory of plate tectonics was formulated. This one page worksheet will give your students practice with the lithosphere and plate tectonics. Aug 31, 2009 divergent boundaries are one of the biproducts of plate tectonics. Definition of convergent boundary in the dictionary.
New oceanic crust is formed through magma rising through the gap and cooling. Pdf spectral characteristics of earthquakes along plate. Other articles where divergent plate boundary is discussed. Students recall that divergent boundaries are moving apart from each other. Earthquakes and plate tectonics glendale community college. Most earthquakes at divergent plate boundaries occur at midocean ridges. How would you describe the motion of plates in a transform boundary. Most seismic activity occurs at three types of plate boundariesdivergent, convergent, and transform. Illustration of the main types of plate boundaries 55 k divergent boundaries divergent boundaries occur along spreading centers where plates are moving apart and new crust is created by magma pushing up from the mantle. Information and translations of convergent boundary in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. As the name implies, divergent boundaries are formed when two adjacent tectonic plates separate, i. A tectonic boundary where two plates are moving away from each other and new crust is forming from magma that rises to the earths surface between the two. Inch by inch, this accounts for incredibly long distances over millions of years. Label the bottom tab transform and draw the plate movements.
Wide zones of deformation are usually characteristic of plate boundaries because of the interaction between two plates. Lightly shade in each tectoniclithospheric plate with a different color if possible. Divergent plate boundary definition of divergent plate. This suggests a passive role of plate boundaries with respect to far field. The earths lithosphere, which includes the crust and upper mantle, is made up of a series of pieces, or tectonic plates, that move slowly over time. The plate collisions that occur in these areas can produce earthquakes, volcanic activity, and crustal deformation.
The boundary regions between plates are aptly called plate boundaries. This faults graphic organizer serves as a place for students to organize their knowledge about normal, reverse, and strikeslip faults. Earthquakes and volcanoes are most likely to occur either on or near plate boundaries. Nazca plate and south american plate subduction of nazca plate formed andes mountains on west coast of s. At divergent boundaries in the oceans, magma from deep in the earths mantle rises toward the surface and pushes apart two or more plates. Modeling plate boundaries printable 6th 10th grade. A number of features and examples of divergent boundaries will be introduced. As plates move, the new crust gradually moves away from the ridge. Plate boundary zones broad belts in which boundaries are not well defined and the effects of plate interaction are unclear.
Lithospheric plates are regions of earths crust and upper mantle that are fractured into plates that move across a deeper plasticine mantle. Seismology earthquake locations 1990 1996 magnitudes 4 and greater color indicates depth. Plate boundaries convergent, divergent, and transform boundaries 2 oil and gas channel republic. According to the theory of plate tectonics, the earths lithosphere is broken into distinct plates which are. Divergent plate boundaries are locations where plates are moving away from one another. Describe how convection currents might be the cause of plate tectonics. Which plate is almost entirely surrounded by a divergent. Divergent boundaries only occur on the ocean floor.
The theory of seafloor spreading, which is part of plate tectonics theory, predicts that plates spread away from divergent plate boundaries at close to equal rates on either side of the ridge. Cards for assigning students to groups pdf plate boundary maps for students pdf 8. Divergent boundaries two ocean plates are pulling away from each other hot magma moves out of the mantle and oozes in the form of lava the farther the sea floor crust is from the opening, the older it is. The east africa rift valley is an example of a continental divergent boundary. The best known example of a divergent plate boundary is the midatlantic ridge. Convergent boundaries where crust is destroyed as one plate dives under another. The plate, constructed of brittle lithosphere rock, is stretched by the movement of the convection and soon cracks. At divergent plate margins, plates are moving apart and new lithosphere is being created. Three types of plate boundary are recognized, corresponding to the three types of relative motion figure 4. The rising current pushes up on the bottom of the lithosphere, lifting it and flowing laterally beneath it. Seismicity at the divergent plate boundaries or spreading submarine ridges and rises tends to be a shallowfocussed, b low magnitude and c less common than at the. On the present earth, the plate organization has formed two networks. Which type of plate boundary occurs where two plates move apart, resulting in upwelling and partial melting of hot material from the mantle.
As the more dense oceanic plate op subducts under the less dense plate cp or op, it pulls the front edge. Plate movement generates stress in the rocks at plate boundaries. Types of plate boundaries map identification activity. This image shows the three main types of plate boundaries. Magma from the upper mantle presses against the plate, pushing it upward, then flows off in opposite directions at the plate. Plate with thick continental crust continental crust is thick and buoyant, and therefore sticks up above sea level. In this lesson, you will learn the meaning of the term divergent boundary in the context of plate tectonics. The arrows below the boundary a label will move the plates. In general, any type of plate boundary can join any other type. Spectral characteristics of earthquakes along plate boundaries article pdf available in geofizika 15 january 1998 with 89 reads how we measure reads. Have 1 overhead transparency of plate boundary map per plate. When continental and oceanic plates collide, the thinner and more dense oceanic. Different plate boundaries create different landforms and events landform. Plate tectonics is a scientific theory describing the largescale motion of seven large plates and.
Regional plate tectonics is driven by subduction, in which slabs require 515 myr to reach the boundary between the earths upper and lower mantle. Review of convergent and divergent plate boundaries. At the subduction zones, which are associated with convergent plate boundaries, intermediate and deepfocus earthquakes mark the location of the upper part of a dipping lithosphere slab. Sciencestruck takes you through some interesting facts about these divergent boundary zones on this earth. This is because of pressure, friction, and plate material melting in the mantle. Apr 15, 2015 moving of divergent plate boundaries divergent plate boundaries are located where plates are moving away from each other.
Convergent plate boundaries are where one plate dives subducts under less dense crust to. The structure of the earth, plate tectonics and landforms. They record information about plate boundaries, forces, how it is produced, and examples on earth. The earths lithosphere, which includes the crust and upper mantle, is made up of a series of. A convergent plate boundary exists where two plates move toward one another converging platers that carry continents will produce mountain ranges, like the. All the result of convergent, divergent and transform plate boundaries. Types of convergent boundaries, continued continentcontinent. This current pushes up on the bottom of the lithosphere, lifting it and flowing beneath it. Divergent boundaries within continents initially produce rifts, which eventually become rift valleys. Plates move apart at divergent plate boundaries such as the oceanic ridge system that separates the north american and eurasian plates in the north atlantic ocean. Divergent boundaries blue marker first, we pause the video at 10. Tour of the maps pdf discovering plate boundaries rice. Plates move apart to produce gaps which is molten lava.
Evolution of retreating subduction boundaries formed. Red 033 km, orange 3370 km, green 70300 km, blue 300700 km this map is part of discovering plate boundaries, a classroom exercise developed by dale s. Multiple choice questions for plate tectonics chapter 19. The point where two plates meet is called a plate boundary. Most movement occurs along narrow zones between plates, plate boundaries, where the results of plate tectonic forces are most evident. In 1967, mckenzie and parker suggested the theory of plate tectonics. Facts about the divergent plate boundary explained with a. New crust is formed at divergent boundaries on the ocean floor where the lithosphere is thin. Compare and contrast divergent, convergent, and book f 43. Since not everyone has access to a largeformat printer we offer the poster as a 3page, tabloidsize pdf file that can be printed and taped together.
1450 521 203 1066 500 889 547 422 1387 17 532 498 979 484 1459 203 1059 583 1054 1069 607 1449 641 343 681 1244 736 139 1443 1130 299 773 113 253 1188